[[Actuarial Notes Wiki|Wiki]] / **Exam 7 (CAS)**
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## Exam 7 (CAS)
The **Advanced Estimation of Claims Liabilities (Exam 7)** is a 4 hour exam covering unpaid claim estimation, stochastic reserving methods, and reinsurance reserving.
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> [!answer]- 📅 Exam Schedule {2026}
>
> <div class="highlight-upcoming" data-date-col="0"></div>
>
> Dates | Exam
> -|-
> Apr 14 - Apr 21 | 7
> Oct 19 - Oct 27 | 7
>
> - [Register](https://www.casact.org/exams-admissions/exam-registration) ($850 USD registration fee)
> [!answer]- 📄 Download Resources {1 PDF}
> - [Exam 7 Content Outline](https://www.casact.org/exam/exam-7-advanced-estimation-claims-liabilities)
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>[!answer]- 📕 Source Material {15 Sources}
>
> | Source | Tasks |
> | --- | --- |
> | [[Loss Development Using Credibility (Brosius - 1993)]] | A1-A3, A6, A11 |
> | [[LDF Curve Fitting and Stochastic Reserving (Clark - 2003)]] | A2-A3, A6-A8, A11 |
> | [[Reserving for Reinsurance (Friedland - 2022)]] | A15-A17 |
> | [[Credible Loss Ratio Claims Reserves (Hurlimann - 2009)]] | A1-A3, A6, A11 |
> | [[Measuring the Variability of Chain Ladder Reserve Estimates (Mack - 1994)]] | A2, A6-A8 |
> | [[Credible Claims Reserve: The Benktander Method (Mack - 2000)]] | A1-A3, A9, A11-A12 |
> | [[A Framework for Assessing Risk Margins (Marshall et al. - 2008)]] | A14 |
> | [[Stochastic Loss Reserving Using Bayesian MCMC Models (Meyers)]] | A9-A10 |
> | [[Claims Development by Layer (Sahasrabuddhe - 2010)]] | A4 |
> | [[Using the ODP Bootstrap Model (Shapland)]] | A1, A9-A10, A13 |
> | [[A Model for Reserving Workers Compensation High Deductibles (Siewert - 1996)]] | A4 |
> | [[Stochastic Loss Reserving Using Generalized Linear Models (Taylor)]] | A9-A10 |
> | [[Estimating the Premium Asset on Retrospectively Rated Policies (Teng and Perkins - 1996)]] | A5 |
> | [[Testing the Assumptions of Age-to-Age Factors (Venter - 1998)]] | A2, A6, A12 |
> | [[Obtaining Predictive Distributions for Reserves Which Incorporate Expert Opinion (Verrall - 2007)]] | A9, A13 |
### Learning Objectives
> [!example]- Data Preparation, Organization, & Analysis
> ### Data Preparation, Organization, & Analysis
> Candidates are expected to apply basic Principles and [[Standards of Practice]] for [[Unpaid Claim Estimation]], including evaluating liabilities arising in complex [[Risk Transfer]] agreements common in excess insurance and [[Reinsurance]] contracts.
> 1. Perform [[Data Diagnostic Analysis|data diagnostic analyses]] and adjust for data issues
> [!example]- Unpaid Claim Point Estimates
> ### Unpaid Claim Point Estimates
> 2. Calculate [[Unpaid Claims]] estimates
> 3. Test unpaid claims estimates for reasonableness
> 4. Estimate unpaid claims for various layers of coverage
> 5. Forecast [[Premium Reserves]] (e.g., reserves for [[Retrospective Premiums]])
> [!example]- Unpaid Claim Stochastic Distributions
> ### Unpaid Claim Stochastic Distributions
> 6. Estimate parameters of [[Unpaid Claims Distributions]]
> 7. Calculate the [[Moments]] and [[Percentiles]] of unpaid claim distributions
> 8. Simulate parameter percentiles and unpaid claims percentiles
> 9. Calculate the mean and [[Prediction Error]] of a reserve
> 10. Derive [[Predictive Distributions]] using stochastic methods
> [!example]- Unpaid Claim Output & Diagnostic Analysis
> ### Unpaid Claim Output & Diagnostic Analysis
> 11. Test output of unpaid claim distributions for reasonableness
> 12. Test assumptions underlying [[Reserving Models]]
> 13. Develop a range of indications
> 14. Calculate [[Risk Margins]]
> [!example]- Reinsurance
> ### Reinsurance
> 15. Adjust primary methods and data to be used for [[Reinsurance Reserving]]
> 16. Calculate [[Ceded Loss Reserves]]
> 17. Describe the function and types of [[Reinsurance]]