[[Actuarial Notes Wiki|Wiki]] / [[Exam 5 (CAS)]] / **Indicated Unpaid Losses**
## Definition
==Indicated Unpaid Losses== is the reserve amount suggested by actuarial analysis before any adjustments for management judgment or other considerations.
## Calculation
```
Indicated Unpaid = Ultimate - Paid to Date
Or:
Indicated Unpaid = Ultimate - (Paid + Case Reserves) = IBNR
Total Indicated = Case + IBNR
```
## Related Concepts
- [[IBNR Reserves#Definition]]
- [[Ultimate Loss#Definition]]
- [[Reserve Adequacy#Definition]]
## References
- Friedland, Chapter 1